A Simple Multiscale Intermediate Coupled Stochastic Model for El Niño Diversity and Complexity

El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most prominent interannual climate variability in tropics and exhibits diverse features spatiotemporal patterns. This paper develops a simple multiscale intermediate coupled stochastic model to capture ENSO diversity complexity. The starts with deterministic linear atmosphere, ocean, sea surface temperature (SST) system. It can generate two dominant solutions representing eastern Pacific (EP) central (CP) Niños, respectively. In addition adopting for characterizing intraseasonal wind bursts, another process developed describe decadal variation of background Walker circulation. latter links modes nonlinear fashion advances modulation strength occurrence frequency EP CP events. Finally, cubic damping adopted parameterize relationship between subsurface temperatures thermocline depth. succeeds reproducing dynamical evolution different types also accurately recovers strongly non-Gaussian probability density function, seasonal phase locking, power spectrum, temporal autocorrelation function SST anomalies all three Niño regions (3, 3.4, 4) across equatorial Pacific. Furthermore, both composites various events strength-location bivariate distribution maxima from simulation highly resemble those observations.